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The Royal of House of Stuart has been the subject matter of numerous paintings. The tragic deaths of Mary Queen of Scots and of Charles I as well as Charles Edward Stuart's failed attempt to regain the British throne greatly inspired nineteenth-century painters. Indeed, Roy Strong has shown that – along with Lady Jane Grey, Charles I and Charles II – James II and VII and Charles Edward Stuart are the figures in British history who were the most depicted by Victorian painters. The engraved and painted portraits of the Stuarts in exile have received considerable attention from scholars in recent years and have generated debates among Jacobite specialists. In 2008, a pastel portrait by the French artist Maurice Quentin de La Tour became the subject of controversy. The sitter for this portrait, which has hung in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery since its purchase in 1994, had been identified by the gallery's curators and Edward Corp as Prince Charles Edward Stuart. This iconic portrait was the most widely circulated image of Prince Charles Edward, but a London expert had no hesitation in claiming that the pastel shows Prince Henry Benedict Stuart rather than his elder brother Prince Charles Edward. The row over the sitter’s identity asted about two years and began with the publication of an article in the British Art Journal by Bendor Grosvernor, a director of Philip Mould & Company the specialist art dealers, who was able to identify the sitter of the pastel as Prince Henry Benedict by comparing this picture with a portrait of an unknown cardinal by an artist from the studio of Louis-Gabriel Blanchet.
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